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Abstract The Santos Basin (SB) is the main petroliferous basin in the Brazilian continental margin and one of the most studied marine areas in Brazil. However, historical data suggest that new efforts should be carried out to acquire quantitative biological data, especially in the deep sea, to establish the baseline of essential ocean variables in different ecosystems for future monitoring programs. The Brazilian energy company Petrobras planned and executed 24 oceanographic cruises over a period of 2 years to assess the benthic (SANSED cruise) and pelagic (SANAGU cruise) systems of the SB (356 days at sea in 2019 and 2021/2022). These efforts were part of the Santos Project, which comprised a comprehensive environmental study aimed at investigating benthic and pelagic variables to characterize ecology, biogeochemistry, thermohaline properties of water masses, and ocean circulation patterns, geomorphology, and sedimentology, as well as organic and inorganic chemistry. Here we present the detailed sampling designs and the field methods employed on board, during the SB scientific cruises. All sampling protocols were based on standardized approaches. For the benthos analyses, triplicate sediment samples were performed using a GOMEX-type box corer (0.25 m²) or a large modified Van Veen grab (0.75 m²) at 100 stations ranging from 25 to 2400 m depth. At each station, 25 geochemical and physico-chemical parameters were analyzed in addition to micro-, meio-, and macrofauna and living foraminifera samples. For the pelagic system, 60 stations were selected to investigate the plankton community, ranging in size from pico- to macroplankton, through vertical, horizontal, and oblique net hauls (20, 200, and 500 μm mesh size), as well as 25 biogeochemical parameters collected with an aid of a CTD-rosette sampler. Part of this scientific information also serves the Regional Environmental Characterization Project (PCR-BS) in support of Petrobras’ Santos Basin drilling licensing process led by the Brazilian Environmental Agency – IBAMA. This project contributes to the sustainable development of the SB, in line with the guidelines of the United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2675-2824071.22072dlm

Identification and characterization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus spp. isolated from surfaces near patients in an intensive care unit of a hospital in southeastern Brazil
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Fernandes, Luciano Freitas

; Souza, Geziella Áurea Aparecida Damasceno

; Almeida, Anna Christina de

; Cardoso, Léia

; Xavier, Mauro Aparecido de Sousa

; Pinheiro, Talles Patrick Prates

; Cruz, Guilherme Henrique Santos da

; Dourado, Hellen Fonseca Silva

; Silva, Wender Soares

; Xavier, Alessandra Rejane Ericsson de Oliveira

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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2020, Volume 53 elocation e20200244

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Contaminated hospital environments contribute to the transmission of microorganisms associated with healthcare. Contaminated surfaces handled by patients or healthcare professionals are a source of microorganism transmission by hand. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus bacteria are among the main agents responsible for increasing healthcare-associated infections in Brazil and worldwide. METHODS: The objective of this study was to screen and characterize methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus spp. on surfaces near patients in an intensive care unit. Microbiological samples, collected from ten beds in an intensive care unit with five sampling sites, were inoculated into a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus chromogenic medium. MALDI-TOF and PCR analyses were used to identify the bacteria. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined using the disk diffusion test. The presence of the mecA gene was investigated using PCR. RESULTS: We observed that 44 out of the 50 sampling sites presented grown isolates in the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus medium. The incidence of isolated microorganisms on the right side rail, left side rail, tables, infusion pump keypad, and cardiac monitor were 18.8 %, 36.7 %, 10.9 %, 2.4 %, and 31 %, respectively. The 42 isolates included in this study were identified as coagulase-negative Staphylococcus. All of these microorganisms were multidrug-resistant and mecA gene-positive. CONCLUSIONS: This study identified the presence of methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus on the beds of an intensive care unit, providing evidence for the necessity of assertive actions to decrease the risk of healthcare-associated infections at the site.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0244-2020 413 downloads

Potential effects of mechanically removing macrophytes on the phytoplankton community of a subtropical reservoir
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Wojciechowski, Juliana

; Burda, Tamires Marcela

; Scheer, Mauricio Bergamini

; Costa, Elaine Aparecida Dias da

; Fernandes, Luciano Felício

Acta Botanica Brasilica

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Dez 2018, Volume 32 Nº 4 Páginas 588 - 594

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Intensive growth of aquatic macrophytes interferes with water quality and ecosystem dynamics worldwide. Although mechanically removing macrophytes is the most commonly used method for their eradication, it can also cause undesirable disturbances in aquatic reservoir communities. We performed laboratory incubations of phytoplankton sampled before and after macrophytes were mechanically removed from the Piraquara II reservoir, South Brazil. We analyzed changes in growth and composition of the main phytoplankton groups with respect to nutrient shifting. Prior to removing the macrophytes, the phytoplankton community was dominated by low cell abundances of diatoms and flagellates. In contrast, growth rates of cyanobacteria (mainly Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii, Pseudanabaena sp., and Geitlerinema sp.) and of colonial chlorophytes were favored after macrophyte removal, while the abundances of diatoms and flagellates decreased. Our results suggest that removing macrophytes causes dramatic changes in phytoplankton composition and biomass and selects for toxigenic species of cyanobacteria. These changes were probably associated with the disturbance caused by removing the macrophytes, which immediately created new environmental conditions prone to species competition. These findings indicate that the use of mechanical techniques to manage macrophytes should be carefully considered, along with monitoring of harmful species and changes of limnological parameters.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-33062018abb0015 1363 downloads

Influence of dietary and physical activity restriction on pediatric adenotonsillectomy postoperative care in Brazil: a randomized clinical trial
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Manica, Denise

; Sekine, Leo

; Abreu, Larissa S.

; Manzini, Michelle

; Rabaioli, Luísi

; Valério, Marcel M.

; Oliveira, Manoela P.

; Bergamaschi, João A.

; Fernandes, Luciano A.

; Kuhl, Gabriel

; Schweiger, Cláudia

Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology

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Mar 2018, Volume 84 Nº 2 Páginas 191 - 195

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Introdução Embora culturalmente as restrições dietéticas e de atividade física sejam parte do cuidado pós-operatório de rotina de muitos cirurgiões brasileiros, evidências atuais de outros países não apoiam tais recomendações. Objetivo Determinar se as restrições dietéticas e físicas efetivamente levam a uma diminuição das complicações pós-operatórias da adenotonsilectomia em crianças quando comparadas com cuidados sem restrição. Método Realizamos um ensaio clínico randomizado comparando duas intervenções: nenhum aconselhamento específico sobre dieta ou atividade física (Grupo A) e recomendações de restrições dietéticas e de atividades físicas (Grupo B). Os cuidadores preencheram um questionário sobre a dor, a dieta e os padrões de atividade observados, e os medicamentos administrados. Os parâmetros foram comparados no 3° e no 7° dia do pós-operatório entre os grupos de intervenção. Resultados Avaliamos 95 pacientes, 50 no Grupo A e 45 no Grupo B; 14 foram perdidos no seguimento. Subsequentemente, 41 do grupo A e 40 do grupo B estavam disponíveis para a análise final. A média de idade em meses (A = 79,5, DP = 33,9/B = 81,1, DP = 32,6) e sexo (A = 58% do sexo masculino, B = 64,4% do sexo masculino) foram equivalentes entre os grupos. A dor, avaliada através da escala visual analógica no terceiro (A = 2,0; IIQ: 1-6/B = 4,5; IIR 2-6; p = 0,18) e no sétimo (A = 1,0; IIQ 1,0-4,5/B = 2,0; IIQR 1,0-4,7; p = 0,29) dia do pós-operatório, não foi diferente entre os grupos, assim como a quantidade de analgésicos administrados. Os padrões dietéticos e de atividade física também não mostraram diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre os grupos. Conclusão A restrição dietética e de atividade física após a adenotonsilectomia não parece afetar a recuperação dos pacientes. Tal informação pode ter um impacto considerável nos aspectos sociais que envolvem uma tonsilectomia, reduzir os dias de trabalho perdidos pelos pais e acelerar o retorno das crianças à escola.

Abstract Introduction Although culturally food and physical activity restriction are part of the routine postoperative care of many Brazilian surgeons, current evidences from other countries support no such recommendations. Objective To determine whether dietary and physical restriction effectively lead to a decrease on postoperative complications of adenotonsillectomy in children when compared to no restriction. Methods We have designed a randomized clinical trial comparing two intervention: no specific counseling on diet or activity (Group A), and restriction recommendations on diet and physical activities (Group B). Caregivers completed a questionnaire on observed pain, diet and activity patterns, and medications administered. Parameters were compared at the 3rd and at the 7th postoperative day between intervention groups. Results We have enrolled a total of 95 patients, 50 in Group A and 45 in Group B. Fourteen patients were lost to follow up. Eventually, 41 patients in group A and 40 in Group B were available for final analysis. Mean age in months (A = 79.5; SD = 33.9/B = 81.1; SD = 32.6) and sex (A = 58% male; B = 64.4% male) were equivalent between groups. Pain, evaluated through visual analog scale in the 3rd (A = 2.0; IQR 1-6/B = 4.5; IQR 2-6; p = 0.18) and in the 7th (A = 1.0; IQR 1.0-4.5/B = 2.0; IQR 1.0-4.7; p = 0.29) postoperative days, was not different between groups, as was the amount of analgesics administered. Dietary and physical activity patterns also showed no statistically significant differences between groups. Conclusion Dietary and activity restriction after adenotonsillectomy does not seem to affect patients' recovery. Such information may impact considerably on the social aspects that involve a tonsillectomy, reducing the working days lost by parents and accelerating the return of children to school.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjorl.2017.01.007 587 downloads

Morpho-physiological responses of a subtropical strain of Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii (Cyanobacteria) to different light intensities
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Wojciechowski, Juliana

; Fernandes, Luciano Felício

; Fonseca, Fernanda Vitória Buck

Acta Botanica Brasilica

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Jun 2016, Volume 30 Nº 2 Páginas 232 - 238

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The toxigenic cyanobacterium Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii previously restricted to tropical latitudes, has been increasingly reported in temperate lakes in recent decades. The causes of its biogeographical expansion are under investigation, but efficient physiological adaptation to changes in temperature and light regimes are likely to be involved. The present study evaluated the morpho-physiological responses of a strain of C. raciborskii from southern Brazil to nine light intensities, from 9 to 250 µmol photons m-2 s-1. Blooms of this cyanobacterium are regularly recorded in the region. Morpho-physiological responses were measured based on growth rate and trichome length. Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii showed slow growth at low light intensities, 9 and 20 µmol photons m-2 s-1, and responded morphologically by increasing the length of trichomes. In turn, the strain displayed constant maximum growth rates at light intensities higher than 50 µmol photons m-2 s-1. These results support the hypothesis that C. raciborskii can survive under low light conditions and continue to produce viable trichomes. Moreover, the strain achieved high growth rates under a relatively wide range of light intensities, a physiological adaptation that can potentially be a competitive advantage in the phytoplankton community.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-33062015abb0322 2978 downloads

SEASONAL AND SPATIAL PATTERNS OF TOXIGENIC SPECIES OF Dinophysis AND Pseudo-nitzschia IN A SUBTROPICAL BRAZILIAN ESTUARY
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Tibiriçá, Carlos Eduardo Junqueira de Azevedo

; Fernandes, Luciano Felício

; Mafra Junior, Luiz Laureno

Brazilian Journal of Oceanography

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Mar 2015, Volume 63 Nº 1 Páginas 17 - 32

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Este estudo investigou a distribuição espacial e temporal de espécies toxigênicas de fitoplâncton entre outubro de 2010 e abril de 2012 na Baía de Guaratuba, Estado do Paraná, Brasil, onde as atividades de maricultura têm se intensificado nos últimos anos. As maiores abundâncias de Pseudo-nitzschia calliantha e P. pungens (até 7,3 x 104 células L-1), diatomáceas causadoras do envenenamento amnésico por consumo de molusco (ASP), foram correlacionadas com valores mais elevados de temperatura (de dezembro a abril), salinidade (>20) e concentrações de silicato (variando de 6,0 a 90,0 µM). A ocorrência destas diatomáceas na baía aparentemente depende do desenvolvimento de mecanismo de inoculação na água costeira adjacente e de seu subsequente transporte pelas correntes de maré para o interior do estuário. Durante o período de estudo, no entanto, a abundância celular de Pseudo-nitzschia permaneceu baixa, provavelmente devido à limitação do crescimento por falta de fosfato, especialmente na área externa. Além disso, espécies nocivas de Dinophysis, um dinoflagelado responsável pela produção de toxinas diarreicas (DSP), foram registradas em todas as campanhas mensais de amostragem. As maiores abundâncias de D. acuminata, D. caudata e D. tripos foram associadas com a camada logo acima da haloclina, nas regiões da baía onde a estratificação da coluna de água foi mais frequente. Em algumas ocasiões, a abundância de células de D.acuminata (até 3,2 x 103 células L-1) em áreas utilizadas para cultivo de moluscos bivalves para consumo humano, superou níveis considerados perigosos. Estes resultados indicam a necessidade de implantação de um programa de monitoramento de microalgas nocivas na Baía de Guaratuba.

This study investigated the spatial and temporal distributions of toxigenic phytoplankton species between October 2010 and April 2012 in Guaratuba Bay, Paraná state, Brazil, where aquaculture has been intensified in recent years. The highest abundances of Pseudo-nitzschia calliantha and P. pungens (up to 7.3 x 104 cells L-1), diatoms which cause amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP), were correlated with higher values of temperature (from December to April, salinity (>20) and silicate concentrations (ranging from 6.0 to 90.0 µm). The occurrence of these harmful diatoms in the bay also appeared to depend upon the development of seeding mechanisms in the adjacent coastal water and its subsequent advection by tidal currents to the interior of the estuary. During the study period, Pseudo-nitzschia cell abundance remained low to moderate probably as a result of growth limitation by phosphate shortage, especially in the outer area of the estuary. In addition, harmful species of Dinophysis, dinoflagellates responsible for diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP) events, were recorded in every sampling campaign. The highest abundances of D. acuminata, D. caudata and D. tripos were associated with the upper halocline layer in regions of the bay where water column stratification was more frequent. On some occasions, cell abundances of D. acuminata (up to 3.2 x 103 cells L-1) exceeded levels considered harmful in areas used to cultivate bivalve mollusks for human consumption. These novel results strongly indicate the necessity of implementing a monitoring program for harmful microalgae in Guaratuba Bay.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S1679-87592015071906301 4218 downloads

Antimicrobial activity of allylic thiocyanates derived from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman reaction
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Sá, Marcus Mandolesi

; Ferreira, Misael

; Lima, Emerson Silva

; Santos, Ivanildes dos

; Orlandi, Patrícia Puccinelli

; Fernandes, Luciano

Brazilian Journal of Microbiology

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Set 2014, Volume 45 Nº 3 Páginas 807 - 812

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Bacterial resistance to commonly used antibiotics has been recognized as a significant global health issue. In this study, we carried out the screening of a family of allylic thiocyanates for their action against a diversity of bacteria and fungi with a view to developing new antimicrobial agents. Allylic thiocyanates bearing halogenated aryl groups, which were readily obtained in two steps from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman adducts, showed moderate-to-high activity against selective pathogens, including a methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strain. In particular cases, methyl (Z)-3-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(thiocyanomethyl)-2-propenoate exhibited antimicrobial activity comparable to the reference antibiotic Imipenem.

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Morphology and distribution of two epizoic diatoms (Bacillariophyta) in Brazil
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Fernandes, Luciano Felício

; Calixto-Feres, Mariana

Acta Botanica Brasilica

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Dez 2012, Volume 26 Nº 4 Páginas 836 - 841

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

As diatomáceas epizóicas em copépodos Pseudohimantidium pacificum e Falcula hyalina foram investigadas em microscopias óptica e eletrônica de varredura, com base em amostras coletadas em diferentes ambientes marinhos da costa brasileira. Pseudohimantidium pacificum é reportada pela primeira vez no Oceano Atlântico Sul Ocidental, ampliando significativamente sua faixa de distribuição geográfica. A espécie ocorreu sobre os copépodos Corycaeus amazonicus e Euterpina acutifrons, e em larvas cypris de Cirripedia. Falcula hyalina utilizou um número maior de hospedeiros, particularmente os copépodos Oithona oswaldocruzii, Pseudodiaptomus richardii e Acartia spp. A morfologia e dados biométricos das valvas de ambas as diatomáceas estiveram dentro dos limites registrados na literatura, incluindo as publicações originais. As duas espécies ocorreram em todas as estações de coleta ao longo da região costeira entre as latitudes 12°S e 28°S. F. hyalina havia sido registrada anteriormente no Oceano Atlântico Sul Ocidental na latitude 31°S.

The epizoic diatoms Pseudohimantidium pacificum and Falcula hyalina, which live on copepods, were investigated using light and electron microscopes, based on material gathered from different marine environments along the Brazilian coast. Pseudohimantidium pacificum is reported for the first time for the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean, significantly enlarging its range of geographic distribution. This species usually covers the entire body surface of the copepods Corycaeus amazonicus and Euterpina acutifrons, and of cypris larvae of Cirripedia. Falcula hyalina uses a higher number of copepod hosts, particularly Oithona oswaldocruzii, Pseudodiaptomus richardii and Acartia spp. The valve morphology and biometrical data of both diatoms were within the range limits recorded in the literature, including the original publications. Both species occurred in all the sampling stations along the Brazilian coastline stretching from 12°S down to 28°S. Falcula hyalina had already been found as far as latitude 31°S in the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-33062012000400012 3423 downloads Citado 1 vez em SciELO

Malnutrition affects the pressor response to microinjection of L-glutamate into the RVLM of awake rats
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Rodrigues, Fabiana Aparecida

; Chianca-Jr, Deoclecio Alves

; Gonçalves Fernandes, Luciano

Biological Research

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2012, Volume 45 Nº 4 Páginas 337 - 343

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Post-weaning protein malnutrition is often related to the development of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases in humans, as well to changed content of neurotransmitters in the central nervous system under experimental conditions. The rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) is a bulbar region that contains sympathetic premotor neurons; the excitatory amino acid L-glutamate seems to be the main neurotransmitter at this level. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the possible change in the L-glutamate sensitivity of the RVLM neurons of malnourished animals. Male Fischer rats were divided into two groups: control (n = 15) and malnourished (n = 19). Four days before the experiments, guide cannulas were implanted bilaterally in direction of the RVLM for microinjection of L-glutamate. Twenty-four hours before the experiments, the femoral artery was cannulated for cardiovascular recordings. The results showed that the baseline heart rate increased in malnourished compared to control animals (412.18 ± 16.03 bpm vs. 370.74 ± 9.59 bpm, respectively). Malnourished animals presented a dissimilar concentration-dependent pressor response curve to L-glutamate and an attenuated baroreflex gain. Our results suggest that post-weaning protein restriction affects glutamatergic neurotransmission of the baroreflex at the RVLM level.

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10.

Mucilaginous species of Thalassiosira Cleve emend: hasle (Diatomeae) in South Brazilian waters
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Fernandes, Luciano Felício

; Frassão-Santos, Edinara Katiussia

Acta Botanica Brasilica

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Mar 2011, Volume 25 Nº 1 Páginas 31 - 42

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Thalassiosira é um gênero intensivamente estudado desde 1970, sendo abundante e bem representado em diferentes ambientes marinhos. A despeito da extensão costeira do Brasil, 8.500Km, poucos trabalhos tem sido realizados para investigar a morfologia de Thalassiosira utilizando técnicas de microscopia eletrônica. Neste trabalho, as espécies mucilaginosas Thalassiosira diporocyclus, T. mala e T. minuscula foram examinadas em microscópios ótico e eletrônico, com base em material coletado em águas costeiras do sul do Brasil (Paraná, Santa Catarina e Rio Grande do Sul), para registrar a variabilidade morfológica das frústulas. Alguns resultados inéditos relacionados à estrutura da cribra e do cíngulo são mostrados T. mala possui aréola central com menos poros cribrais do que as aréolas da região marginal. Além disso, as medidas do diâmetro valvar de T. diporocyclus e T. minuscula são ampliadas em relação ao previamente registrado. As duas espécies são novos registros para águas brasileiras, e T. diporocyclus é citação nova para o Oceano Atlântico Sul Ocidental.

Thalassiosira is a large diatom genus intensively studied since the 1970s, being well represented in diverse marine environments worldwide. Despite the long Brazilian coastline, about 8,500km, few taxonomic works have been performed to investigate the morphology of Thalassiosira species using electron microscope techniques. In this paper the mucilaginous species Thalassiosira diporocyclus, T. mala and T. minuscula were examined in light and electron microscopes, based on material gathered from South Brazilian waters, to record their frustule morphological variability. Some unrecorded findings related to the cribra structure and the cingulum bands are shown. T. mala has central areolae bearing fewer cribral pores than those located in the marginal region. In addition, the valve metrics of T. diporocyclus and T. minuscula are extended in relation to that reported in the current literature. The two species are new records for Brazilian waters, and T. diporocyclus is a new one in the Western Atlantic Ocean.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-33062011000100006 3861 downloads

11.

A highly efficient and general method for the preparation of (Z)-allylic bromides derived from Morita-Baylis-Hillman adducts
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Ferreira, Misael

; Fernandes, Luciano

; Sá, Marcus M.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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2009, Volume 20 Nº 3 Páginas 564 - 568

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

(Z)-2-(Bromometil)-2-alcenoatos são importantes intermediários sintéticos e foram preparados de forma simples e prática pelo tratamento de α-metileno-β-hidroxiésteres (produtos da reação de Morita-Baylis-Hillman) com LiBr/H2SO4 em acetonitrila à temperatura ambiente. Além de fornecer altos rendimentos e de tolerar a presença de diversos grupos funcionais, esta nova metodologia utiliza reagentes baratos e não faz uso de HBr.

Representative (Z)-2-(bromomethyl)-2-alkenoates were easily prepared in high yield by treating α-methylene-β-hydroxyesters (Morita-Baylis-Hillman adducts) with LiBr/H2SO4 in acetonitrile at room temperature. Besides the tolerance to many diverse functional groups, this new methodology employs inexpensive reagents and avoids the use of HBr.

2553 downloads Citado 1 vez em SciELO

12.

Mortality in anesthesia: a systematic review
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Braz, Leandro Gobbo

; Braz, Danilo Gobbo

; Cruz, Deyvid Santos da

; Fernandes, Luciano Augusto

; Módolo, Norma Sueli Pinheiro

; Braz, José Reinaldo Cerqueira

Clinics

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2009, Volume 64 Nº 10 Páginas 999 - 1006

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

This systematic review of the Brazilian and worldwide literature aims to evaluate the incidence and causes of perioperative and anesthesia-related mortality. Studies were identified by searching the Medline and Scielo databases, followed by a manual search for relevant articles. Our review includes studies published between 1954 and 2007. Each publication was reviewed to identify author(s), study period, data source, perioperative mortality rates, and anesthesia-related mortality rates. Thirty-three trials were assessed. Brazilian and worldwide studies demonstrated a similar decline in anesthesia-related mortality rates, which amounted to fewer than 1 death per 10,000 anesthetics in the past two decades. Perioperative mortality rates also decreased during this period, with fewer than 20 deaths per 10,000 anesthetics in developed countries. Brazilian studies showed higher perioperative mortality rates, from 19 to 51 deaths per 10,000 anesthetics. The majority of perioperative deaths occurred in neonates, children under one year, elderly patients, males, patients of ASA III physical status or poorer, emergency surgeries, during general anesthesia, and cardiac surgery followed by thoracic, vascular, gastroenterologic, pediatric and orthopedic surgeries. The main causes of anesthesia-related mortality were problems with airway management and cardiocirculatory events related to anesthesia and drug administration. Our systematic review of the literature shows that perioperative mortality rates are higher in Brazil than in developed countries, while anesthesia-related mortality rates are similar in Brazil and in developed countries. Most cases of anesthesia-related mortality are associated with cardiocirculatory and airway events. These data may be useful in developing strategies to prevent anesthesia-related deaths.

9937 downloads Citado 10 vezes em SciELO

13.

Harmful algae and toxis in paranaguá bay , Brazil: bases for monitoring
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Mafra Junior, Luiz Laureno

; Fernandes, Luciano Felício

; Proença, Luís Antonio O.

Brazilian Journal of Oceanography

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Set 2006, Volume 54 Nº 2-3 Páginas 107 - 121

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

O complexo estuarino de Paranaguá (CEP; 25º30'S, 48º30'W), localizado no litoral sul do Brasil, abriga extensas áreas preservadas de manguezais e tem a pesca e aqüicultura como importantes atividades econômicas. Este trabalho investigou a ocorrência de microalgas nocivas no CEP e a presença de ficotoxinas no molusco bivalve Mytella guyanensis. Para tanto, foram coletadas amostras com periodicidade aproximadamente mensal, entre agosto de 2002 e outubro de 2003. Foram avaliadas variáveis físico-químicas, densidade de espécies nocivas e a presença de toxinas nos moluscos através de bioensaio com camundongos (DSP e PSP) e por cromatografia líquida (ASP). As espécies nocivas encontradas foram Pseudo-nitzschia spp., Dinophysis acuminata,Prorocentrum minimum,Gymnodinium catenatum,Phaeocystis spp., Chattonella spp. e Heterosigma akashiwo. Além dessas, Trichodesmium erythraeum e Coscinodiscus wailesii foram também incluídas no estudo pelo potencial de produzirem eventos nocivos na região. Toxinas diarréicas (DSP) foram detectadas em moluscos em dezembro de 2002 associadas à presença de D. acuminata (até 4.566 cel.l-1). Toxinas paralisantes e amnésicas foram produzidas por cepas cultivadas em laboratório. Primavera (de outubro a dezembro no hemisfério Sul) e final do verão (fevereiro a abril) foram os períodos de maior abundância de algas nocivas principalmente nos setores euhalino e polihalino interno do CEP.

The estuarine complex of Paranaguá - ECP (South Brazil, 25º30'S, 48º30'W) is a large subtropical system, where pristine mangrove forests are still present, and fishery and aquaculture are important economic activities. This work investigated the occurrence of harmful algae in Paranaguá Bay, as well as the presence of toxins in the filter feeding mussel Mytella guyanensis, a local fishery resource. Samples along the Paranaguá sub-system were collected almost monthly from August 2002 to October 2003. Besides physical and chemical variables, cell densities of harmful species and presence of toxins in the mussel by mouse bioassay (DSP, PSP) and HPLC (ASP) were performed. HAB species included Pseudo-nitzschia spp., Dinophysis acuminata,Prorocentrum minimum,Gymnodinium catenatum,Phaeocystis spp., Chattonella spp. and Heterosigma akashiwo.Trichodesmium erythraeum and Coscinodiscus wailesii were also included in this study due to their potential for harmful bloom formation. Toxin results showed the occurrence of DSP (December 2002) in shellfish related to the presence of D. acuminata (max. 4,566 cells.l-1). Additionally, cultivated strains produced paralytic and amnesic toxins in laboratory. Spring (October to December, Southern Hemisphere) and late summer (February to April) were the periods of higher abundance of harmful algae, mainly in euhaline and inner polyhaline sectors of the ECP.

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14.

Diatomáceas (Bacillariophyta) marinhas e estuarinas do Paraná, Sul do Brasil: lista de espécies com ênfase em espécies nocivas
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Procopiak, Leticia Knechtel

; Fernandes, Luciano Felício

; Moreira-Filho, Hermes

Biota Neotropica

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2006, Volume 6 Nº 3

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

As listagens de espécies são importantes para conhecer a biodiversidade local. Se as espécies são nocivas e/ou exóticas, elas podem causar danos ambientais. O levantamento da biota aquática de regiões portuárias é valioso para informar quais as espécies de alto risco estão presentes na água (espécies exóticas e/ou nocivas). As espécies podem ser capturadas quando os navios estão atracados nos portos do Paraná durante a tomada de lastro. Então, estas espécies podem ser transferidas para o próximo porto onde será realizado o deslastro, iniciando-se o processo de invasão biológica. Neste artigo as diatomáceas marinhas e estuarinas do Paraná foram listadas com base em trabalhos publicados desde 1918 e nos resultados do projeto ALARME (Água de Lastro: Análise de Risco, Plano de Manejo Ambiental e Monitoramento de Espécies Exóticas no Porto de Paranaguá, Paraná) no Complexo Estuarino de Paranaguá. Um total de 789 táxons específicos foram registrados, distribuídos em 167 gêneros. Destes, 575 táxons específicos, distribuídos em 152 gêneros, foram registrados para o Complexo Estuarino de Paranaguá. Algumas destas espécies são consideradas potencialmente nocivas, por sua produção de toxinas, como Amphora coffaeformis e Pseudo-nitzschia spp. Outras possuem efeitos nocivos por causarem anoxia devido ao excesso de biomassa que é decomposta por bactérias em períodos de florações. Além disso, pode ocorrer consumo excessivo de oxigênio pelas algas durante a respiração. Estas espécies são Asterionellopsis glacialis, Cerataulina pelagica, Coscinodiscus spp., Cylindrotheca closterium, Leptocylindrus spp. e Skeletonema costatum. Além destas, Chaetoceros spp. possuem setas que danificam as brânquias de peixes, causando massiva mortandade destes em algumas regiões. Algumas espécies encontradas nas amostras do projeto ALARME são novos registros para a costa do Paraná como Bellerochea horologicales, Biremis circumtexta, Gyrosigma macrum, Licmophora remulus, Nitzschia behrei Pseudo-nitzschia calliantha, P. multisseries e Thalassiosira subtilis var. máxima.

The species check-lists are important to know the local biodiversity. If they are harmful and/or exotic they can cause environmental damages. The portuary regions' aquatic biota survey is valuable to inform which are the high risk species in the water (exotic or harmful species). The species can be caught when the ships are anchored in Parana harbors during the ballast taken. After that, these species can be transferred to the next harbor where it will be discharged, so it starts the biological invasion. In this article the marine and estuarine diatoms of Parana have been listed based on some issues that have been published since 1918 and over the results of ALARME Project (Ballast Water: Risk analysis, Environmental Management Plan and Monitoring of Exotic Species in Paranagua Harbor, Parana) in the Estuarine Paranagua Complex. An amount of 789 specific taxa was recorded and distributed in 167 genera on Parana shore. Among the 789 a number of 575 specific taxa is distributed in 152 genera which were recorded in the Estuarine Paranagua Complex. Some of these species are considered potentially harmful for their toxins production i. e. Amphora coffaeformis and Pseudo-nitzschia spp. The other ones have harmful effects because of anoxia due to the excess of biomass decomposed by bacteriae during the blooming periods. Furthermore it can happens excessive oxygen consumption by algae during breathing. These species are Asterionellopsis glaciallis, Cerataulina pelagica, Coscinodiscus spp, Cylindrotheca closterium, Leptocylindrus spp and Skeletonema costatum. Furthermore, Chaetoceros spp, have setae that damage the fishes' gills causing mass mortalities in some regions. Some species found in samples of the ALARME project are new records for the Parana coast such as Bellerochea horologicales, Biremis circumtexta, Gyrosigma macrum, Licmophora remulus, Nitzschia behrei, Pseudo-nitzschia calliantha, P. multisseries and Thalassiosira subtilis var. máxima.

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15.

Tintininos (Ciliophora, Tintinnina) de águas subtropicais na região Sueste-Sul do Brasil: I. Famílias Codonellidae, Codonellopsidae, Coxliellidae, Cyttarocylidae, Epiplocylidae, Petalotrichidae, Ptychocylidae, Tintinnididae e Undellidae
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Fernandes, Luciano Felício

Revista Brasileira de Zoologia

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Set 2004, Volume 21 Nº 3 Páginas 551 - 576

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Um levantamento taxonômico dos tintininos (Subordem Tintinnina) coletados em águas subtropicais do Sul do Brasil (22°S-34°S) foi realizado, com base em diferentes cruzeiros oceanográficos abrangendo águas oceânicas e de plataforma. Oitenta e nove espécies foram registradas, e Amphorides amphora (Claparède & Lachmann, 1858) Strand, 1928, Dadayella ganimedes (Entz, 1884) Kofoid & Campbell, 1929, Eutintinnus spp., Rhabdonellopsis apophysata (Cleve, 1900) Kofoid & Campbell, 1929, Tintinnopsis spp. (águas neríticas) e Xystonellopsis spp. foram abundantes. Para todas as espécies foram fornecidos descrições, medidas e desenhos, bem como comentários sobre taxonomia e resultados referentes às distribuições horizontal e vertical na coluna de água. Algumas espécies mostraram preferência por águas profundas como Epicancella nervosa (Cleve, 1900) Kofoid & Campbell, 1929, Xystonellopsis spp., Salpingella spp. e Brandtiella palliata (Brandt, 1906) Kofoid & Campbell, 1929. Neste trabalho foram estudas as Famílias Codonellidae, Codonellopsidae, Coxliellidae, Cytarocyllidae, Epiplocylidae, Petalotrichidae, Ptychocylidae, Tintinnididae e Undellidae. As outras quatro famílias foram cobertas em outro trabalho, também contendo a discussão sobre biogeografia e distribuição vertical na coluna de água.

A taxonomic survey on the tintinnids (Suborder Tintinnina) collected in subtropical waters of the Southern Brazil (22°S-34°S) was carried out, based in different oceanographic cruises covering shelf and oceanic waters. Eighty nine species were recorded, and Amphorides amphora (Claparède & Lachmann, 1858) Strand, 1928, Dadayella ganimedes (Entz, 1884) Kofoid & Campbell, 1929, Eutintinnus spp., Rhabdonellopsis apophysata (Cleve, 1900) Kofoid & Campbell, 1929 , Tintinnopsis spp. (neritic waters) and Xystonellopsis spp. were abundant. For all of species descriptions, measurements and drawings, as well comments on the taxonomy and results on horizontal and vertical distributions on the water column were furnished. Some species showed preference by deep waters, like Epicancella nervosa (Cleve, 1900) Kofoid & Campbell, 1929, Xystonellopsis spp., Salpingella spp. and Brandtiella palliata (Brandt, 1906) Kofoid & Campbell, 1929. In this work the families Codonellidae, Codonellopsidae, Coxliellidae, Cytarocyllidae, Epiplocylidae, Petalotrichidae, Ptychocylidae, Tintinnididae and Undellidae were studied. The other four families were covered in another work, also containing the discussion about biogeography and vertical distribution in the water column.

5199 downloads Citado 2 vezes em SciELO

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